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This is a condition which can be caused by factors including: genetics, age, medications, medical conditions, dehydration and many more. For which ever reason, the salivary glands secrete less than normal amounts of saliva in the mouth.  It is very important to ensure the mouth stays moist enough to flush away food and bacteria and reduce acidity in the mouth.  A dry oral environment can cause increased plaque and tartar (calculus) accumulation, increased cavities (carious lesions), gingivitis, and periodontal disease. For many, medications are necessary to maintain good overall heath, however these medications can have the side effect of dry mouth. When someone cannot change the environmental factors there are a few simple things that they can do to stimulate salivary flow. Most commonly is drinking frequent sips of water; try to carry a bottle of water with you when you are out, and have a glass next to your bed for night time. Sugarless chewing gum/candy; especially tart, sour or minty flavours will trigger glands to produce saliva. Avoid alcohol; alcohol containing mouth rinses and high alcoholic beverages! In more severe cases products know as, saliva substitutes can be purchased through many drug stores and online, but ask your dental professional which is best for you.